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Research pages

The Codebook

Tools and models

model_origin

Level: activity

Values

commercial
The model comes from a commercial provider (for example OpenAI, Microsoft, Google or Anthropic) and is used through its product, licence or programming interface.
open_weight
The model's weights are openly released (for example Llama, Mistral or Falcon), whether the institution or a provider runs it.
government_developed
The model was developed by or for a government (for example France's Albert or Germany's OpenGPT-X), including by the institution's own team.

Missing answers

unknown
The page mentions the model behind the tool but does not let it be settled.
not_documented
The page is silent.

build_arrangement

Level: activity

Values

off_the_shelf_product
The institution uses a ready-made product as supplied (for example a commercial chat assistant or an office-suite assistant), set up but not built on.
custom_application_on_external_model
The institution, or a contractor for it, built its own application (a chatbot, assistant or workflow) on a model it did not train.
model_trained_or_fine_tuned_by_institution
The institution, or a contractor for it, trained or fine-tuned the model itself. Internal use alone does not show this.

Missing answers

unknown
The page mentions how the tool was built but does not let it be settled.
not_documented
The page is silent.

interface

Level: activity

Values

conversational
Users type or speak to the tool in a chat or question-and-answer exchange, as with a chatbot or assistant window. A tool the page calls a chatbot or assistant counts.
backend_or_api
The tool runs behind the scenes, or other software calls it through a programming interface; users do not talk to it directly.
other_interface
Users reach the tool in another way than a chat exchange or a back-end connection.

function_drafting_writing

Level: activity

Values

yes
The page states that the tool is used for drafting or writing text, such as memos, letters, press releases or social media posts.
no
The page does not state that the tool is used for drafting or writing text, such as memos, letters, press releases or social media posts.

function_summarization

Level: activity

Values

yes
The page states that the tool is used for summarising documents, reports or meetings.
no
The page does not state that the tool is used for summarising documents, reports or meetings.

function_translation

Level: activity

Values

yes
The page states that the tool is used for translating text or speech between languages.
no
The page does not state that the tool is used for translating text or speech between languages.

function_search_retrieval

Level: activity

Values

yes
The page states that the tool is used for finding information, such as answering questions from documents or searching the institution's own records.
no
The page does not state that the tool is used for finding information, such as answering questions from documents or searching the institution's own records.

function_code

Level: activity

Values

yes
The page states that the tool is used for writing, reviewing or fixing software code.
no
The page does not state that the tool is used for writing, reviewing or fixing software code.

function_image_audio_video

Level: activity

Values

yes
The page states that the tool is used for creating or editing images, audio or video.
no
The page does not state that the tool is used for creating or editing images, audio or video.

function_extraction_classification

Level: activity

Values

yes
The page states that the tool is used for pulling information out of documents or forms, or sorting and classifying them.
no
The page does not state that the tool is used for pulling information out of documents or forms, or sorting and classifying them.

function_analysis_recommendation

Level: activity

Values

yes
The page states that the tool is used for analysing information or giving recommendations or scores to support human decisions, such as case triage or eligibility checks.
no
The page does not state that the tool is used for analysing information or giving recommendations or scores to support human decisions, such as case triage or eligibility checks.

deployment_mode

Level: activity

Values

integrated
The GenAI feature works inside software or a service channel the institution already used (office suite, case system, existing website service).
standalone
A separate application or site created for the GenAI tool.

Missing answers

unknown
The page mentions whether the tool is separate or built into existing software but does not let it be settled.
not_documented
The page is silent.

target_users

Level: activity

Values

internal_staff
Only the institution's own staff use the tool.
public
People outside the institution use the tool: members of the public, residents or businesses.
both
Both the institution's staff and people outside it use the tool. On long pages, one part naming staff and another the public also gives this value.

Missing answers

unknown
The page mentions who uses the tool but does not let it be settled.
not_documented
The page is silent.

A project by researchers at Stanford University, Northwestern University, and the University of Rochester. · © 2026 G3O Project. Data CC BY 4.0, code MIT. · Contact